Relationship between diabetes and blood pressure

Having diabetes increases risk of developing high BP
- High blood glucose levels over time --> increased deposits of fatty materials on the insides of the blood vessel walls --> Affect blood flow, increasing the chance of clogging and hardening of blood vessels (atherosclerosis)--> high BP--> untreated- can lead to blood vessel damage, stroke, heart failure, heart attack, or kidney failure.

Statistically, having diabetes means:
• You're 2 to 4 times as likely to have a heart attack or stroke as is someone without diabetes.
• You're > likely to die of a heart attack than you'd be if you did not have diabetes.
• Your risk of sudden death from a heart attack is the same as that of someone who has already had a heart attack.

Role of diabetes in clinical presentation of IHD
1) In diabetic patients, myocardial ischemia due to coronary atherosclerosis is typically asymptomatic-->reflect abnormalities in the perception of pain related to autonomic neuropathy.
2) They are more likely to develop thrombus and more vulnerable to plaque rupture--> due to the prothrombotic and procoagulant state with which diabetes
3) Clinical presentation of IHD: Angina
- diabetes--> coronary atherosclerosis--> reduce blood flow to the heart--> symptoms often appear at times when we are stressed, exercising or climbing stairs-as heart tries to pump faster to meet O2 demands, narrowed arteries struggle to keep, heart deprived of O2-->pain